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Personality traits of Enneagram type 4: Ennea-type IV - Seeking Happiness through Pain

Enneatype IV

A psychiatrist named Claudio Naranjo evolved Oscar Ichazo's ego-types into the Enneagram personality types as we use them today. Naranjo largely based the types on Ichazo's passions.

Naranjo outlined the following trait structure for type 4 (Ennea-type IV) in his books Ennea-type Structures and Character and Neurosis.

  • Seeking Happiness through Pain - Envy and the Masochistic Personality

    • Envy
    • Poor Self-Image
    • Focus on Suffering
    • "Moving Toward"
    • Nurturance
    • Emotionality
    • Competitive Arrogance
    • Refinement
    • Artistic Interests
    • Strong Superego

To learn more about Enneagram personality type 4 click here.

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  • the nine Enneagram personality types
  • the many type variations within type
  • where the types came from (origins and history)
  • how the types use the Enneagram symbol

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